LEARNING OUTCOMES

The course consists of a theoretical part and a practical section (laboratory exercises). It aims to provide basic knowledge on the main instrumental analytical methods used in the quali-quantitative analysis of medicinal substances, pure or contained in pharmaceutical preparations. Knowledge on theoretical principles, applications in the pharmaceutical analysis and essential technical aspects of the instrumentation are provided in addition to theoretical and practical knowledge of modern methods of extraction from complex matrices.

SYLLABUS/CONTENT

Introduction and classification of instrumental analytical methods

Analytical instrumentation: signal units; detectors; signal integrators and computers.

Significant figures: precision, sensitivity, accuracy, limit of detection and quantitation, selectivity.Signal and noise.

Spectroscopy

Electromagnetic radiation. Interaction with matter: absorption and amission. Lambert-Beer’s law.

Instrumentation: radiation sources, wavelength selectors, detectors.

Visible-ultraviolet molecular spectroscopy. Qualitative and quantitative applications.

Fluorescence and phosphorescence. Characteristcs of methods. Qualitative and quantitative applications. Derivatization methods.

Atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy. Atomizers. Flame atomization, plasma emission. Pharmaceutical applications.

Chromatography

Classification of chromatographical methods. Theory of separation processes: Van Deemter’s equation. Efficiency and resolution.

Gas chromatography. General basics. Instrumentation. Hyphenated techniques. Qualitative and quantitative applications. Derivatization methods.

High-performence liquid chromatography. General basics. Stationary and mobile phases. Instrumentation. Qualitative and quantitative applications. Derivatization methods.

Ion chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography.

Capillary electrophoresis

General basics. Instrumentation, Pharmaceutical applications.

Sample preparation

Supercritical fluid extraction: general basics, instrumentation, applications.

Solid-phase extraction: general basics, instrumentation and material, applications.

Chiral drugs analysis. Enantiomeric mixtures. Chiral chromatographical methods. Chiral Phases.

RECOMMENDED READING/BIBLIOGRAPHY

- Chimica Analitica Strumentale - Holler, Skoog, Crouch.- EdiSES 2009

- Fondamenti di chimica analitica – Skoog, West – EdiSES 2015

- Analisi farmaceutica - D. G. Watson - Edra 2014

Exam Board

BRUNO TASSO (President)

ANDREA SPALLAROSSA

CHIARA BRULLO

MARIA ANZALDI